
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry - LCO
Université libre de Bruxelles - ULB
Av. F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP 160/06
B-1050 Brussels
BELGIUM
Dr Gaël De Leener
Centre d’Instrumentation en REsonance Magnétique - CIREM, LCO
+32 2 650 30 39, room UD.4.119
List of publications
2025
Nicolas Nyssen; Gaël De Leener; Michel Luhmer; Benoit Colasson; Ivan Jabin; Aleksandar Višnjevac; Olivia Reinaud
Ligand exchange in TREN-based cobalt (II) funnel complexes in the solid state Journal Article
In: J. Mol. Struct., 2025, 1344, 142970.
@article{Nyssen2025c,
title = {Ligand exchange in TREN-based cobalt (II) funnel complexes in the solid state},
author = {Nicolas Nyssen and Gaël De Leener and Michel Luhmer and Benoit Colasson and Ivan Jabin and Aleksandar Višnjevac and Olivia Reinaud},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/391698, PDF},
doi = {10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.142970},
issn = {0022-2860},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-11-05},
urldate = {2025-11-05},
journal = {J. Mol. Struct.},
volume = {1344},
pages = {142970},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {The coordination of CoII with two calixarene-based TREN [tris(2-aminoethyl)amine] ligands is reported. The two ligands differ for the presence of three anisole groups (in Calix-TRENMe) or three phenol groups (in Calix-TRENH) in the macrocyclic structure surrounding the CoIITREN core. Dicationic complexes [CoII(CH3CN)Calix-TRENMe][ClO4]2 and [CoII(CH3CN)Calix-TRENH][ClO4]2 were synthesized and fully chemically characterized. Surprisingly, a crystal-to-crystal transformation led to the substitution of the acetonitrile guest ligand in [CoII(CH3CN)Calix-TRENMe][ClO4]2 by a pair of H-bonded water molecules and formation of a new complex [CoII(OH2∙∙∙OH2)Calix-TRENMe][ClO4]2. This gave rise to the first example of an X-ray characterized aqua-complex with a CoII centre confined in a neutral, 5-coordinate N4(OH2) environment.},
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Yan Xu; Gen Li; Shihang Liang; Gaël De Leener; Michel Luhmer; Roy Lavendomme; En‐Qing Gao; Dawei Zhang
Engineering Cavity and Aperture Binding Sites Within a Metal–Organic Cage for Up‐ and Down‐Regulation of Catalysis Journal Article
In: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2025, 64, 38, e202507981.
@article{Xu2025,
title = {Engineering Cavity and Aperture Binding Sites Within a Metal–Organic Cage for Up‐ and Down‐Regulation of Catalysis},
author = {Yan Xu and Gen Li and Shihang Liang and Gaël De Leener and Michel Luhmer and Roy Lavendomme and En‐Qing Gao and Dawei Zhang},
doi = {10.1002/anie.202507981},
issn = {1521-3773},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-09-15},
urldate = {2025-09-15},
journal = {Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.},
volume = {64},
number = {38},
pages = {e202507981},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Engineering molecular recognition events into catalytic systems to precisely control the up‐ or down‐regulation of catalysis in a biomimetic fashion is a challenging goal in supramolecular chemistry. In this work, we report on the construction of a new metal–organic cage, ZnII4L4 tetrahedron 1, using a protonated azacalix[3](2,6)pyridine‐based ligand as the capping faces. The cage features a large cavity and wide gaps between its faces, enabling the simultaneous binding of anionic guests centrally and peripherally. Encapsulation of α‐Mo8O264− within the T‐symmetric tetrahedron 1 leads to a C3‐symmetric inclusion complex Mo8O264−⊂1. The apertures of Mo8O264−⊂1 act as secondary binding sites for accommodating tetraarylborate guests or for providing access to the included Mo8O264− for catalyzing reactions. Catalytic experiments demonstrated that inclusion within 1 significantly enhances the catalytic activity of Mo8O264− for the oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides. In contrast, peripheral binding of the bulky tetraarylborate anion to the inclusion complex Mo8O264−⊂1 effectively inhibits its catalytic activity by obstructing access to the catalytic active sites of Mo8O264−.},
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Ugo Gilbert; Xiao Mu; Yan Yu Sarah Lam; Gaël De Leener; Martin Schoenauen; Maëlle Bottin; Koen Robeyns; Michel Luhmer; Raphaël Robiette; Michael L. Singleton
Influence of imidazole functionalization on the properties of small molecule models of the LPMO active site Journal Article
In: Dalton Trans., 2025, 54, 15, 6174–6187.
@article{Gilbert2025,
title = {Influence of imidazole functionalization on the properties of small molecule models of the LPMO active site},
author = {Ugo Gilbert and Xiao Mu and Yan Yu Sarah Lam and Gaël De Leener and Martin Schoenauen and Maëlle Bottin and Koen Robeyns and Michel Luhmer and Raphaël Robiette and Michael L. Singleton},
doi = {10.1039/d4dt03424d},
issn = {1477-9234},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-04-08},
urldate = {2025-04-08},
journal = {Dalton Trans.},
volume = {54},
number = {15},
pages = {6174--6187},
publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
abstract = {Systematic structural variation in a series of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase active site mimics strongly influences their electrochemical and oxidative reactivity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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2024
Lau Halgreen; Aaron Torres-Huerta; Karolis Norvaisa; Gaël De Leener; Nikolay Tumanov; Johan Wouters; Kristin Bartik; Hennie Valkenier
A Semiflexible Tetrahydrazone Macrocycle for Binding of Pyrophosphate and Smaller Anions Journal Article
In: J. Org. Chem., 2024, 89, 10, 6853–6864.
@article{Halgreen2024,
title = {A Semiflexible Tetrahydrazone Macrocycle for Binding of Pyrophosphate and Smaller Anions},
author = {Lau Halgreen and Aaron Torres-Huerta and Karolis Norvaisa and Gaël De Leener and Nikolay Tumanov and Johan Wouters and Kristin Bartik and Hennie Valkenier},
doi = {10.1021/acs.joc.4c00235},
issn = {1520-6904},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-05-17},
urldate = {2024-05-17},
journal = {J. Org. Chem.},
volume = {89},
number = {10},
pages = {6853--6864},
publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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2023
Antonielle Monclaro; Thiago Gonçalves; Silvia Magri; Justin Ovaert; Davide Decembrino; Damien P. Debecker; Marco Kadowaki; Thomas Doneux; Gaël De Leener; Marco Zarattini; Michel Luhmer; David Cannella
Melanin, A Fungal Photosensitizer for Cellulose Oxidizing AA9‐LPMO Enzymes Journal Article
In: ChemCatChem, 2023, 15, e202300602.
@article{Monclaro2023,
title = {Melanin, A Fungal Photosensitizer for Cellulose Oxidizing AA9‐LPMO Enzymes},
author = {Antonielle Monclaro and Thiago Gonçalves and Silvia Magri and Justin Ovaert and Davide Decembrino and Damien P. Debecker and Marco Kadowaki and Thomas Doneux and Gaël De Leener and Marco Zarattini and Michel Luhmer and David Cannella},
doi = {10.1002/cctc.202300602},
issn = {1867-3899},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-20},
urldate = {2023-10-20},
journal = {ChemCatChem},
volume = {15},
pages = {e202300602},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Melanin is a class of hetero‐polymer pigments commonly found in nature and widely in fungi. Often referred to as the “animal lignin“, melanin is a very abundant bioresource and features many catalytically interesting properties. We conceived that, upon light absorbance, the polymer could promote long‐distance electron donation to fuel redox enzymatic catalysis or controlled in‐situ generation of H2O2. Here, we report on a fungal photo‐biocatalytic system extracted from the commercially relevant A. nidulans, where photoactivated melanin acts as an electron donor for the cellulose‐degrading An AA9A and Tt AA9E metalloenzymes. Furthermore, there was a stable and significant accumulation of H2O2 when melanin was irradiated by visible light; having the peroxide functioning as a co‐substrate for the AA9 LPMO enzymes. Oxidized cellulose‐derived oligosaccharides were detected in the dark and under light conditions, confirming the potential of melanin to reduce AA9s. When placed under light conditions, they provided hydrogen peroxide as a co‐substrate for AA9s. The use of light to tune the in‐situ generation of H2O2 by natural pigments might be pivotal to enable also another peroxide‐dependent enzymatic catalysis.},
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Gaël De Leener; Diana Over; Olivia Reinaud; Ivan Jabin
A 4-state acid–base controlled molecular switch based on a host–guest system Cover Picture Journal Article
In: Org. Biomol. Chem., 2023, 21, 6, 1172–1180.
@article{DeLeener2023c,
title = {A 4-state acid–base controlled molecular switch based on a host–guest system},
author = {Gaël De Leener and Diana Over and Olivia Reinaud and Ivan Jabin},
doi = {10.1039/d2ob01994a},
issn = {1477-0539},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-08},
urldate = {2023-02-08},
journal = {Org. Biomol. Chem.},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
pages = {1172--1180},
publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
abstract = {A triple molecular switch based on acid–base-driven interconversion of four different forms of a calix[6]arene-based receptor.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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2022
Alassane Sorgho; Moussa Bougouma; Gael De Leener; Julien Vander Steen; Thomas Doneux
Impact of speciation on the tellurium electrochemistry in choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents Journal Article
In: Electrochem. Commun., 2022, 140, 107327.
@article{Sorgho2022,
title = {Impact of speciation on the tellurium electrochemistry in choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents},
author = {Alassane Sorgho and Moussa Bougouma and Gael De Leener and Julien Vander Steen and Thomas Doneux},
doi = {10.1016/j.elecom.2022.107327},
issn = {1388-2481},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-00},
urldate = {2022-07-00},
journal = {Electrochem. Commun.},
volume = {140},
pages = {107327},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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E. Zago; C. Tillier; G. De Leener; R. Nandasiri; C. Delporte; K.V. Bernaerts; A. Shavandi
Sustainable production of low molecular weight phenolic compounds from Belgian Brewers' spent grain Journal Article
In: Bioresour. Technol. Rep., 2022, 17, 100964.
@article{Zago2022,
title = {Sustainable production of low molecular weight phenolic compounds from Belgian Brewers' spent grain},
author = {E. Zago and C. Tillier and G. De Leener and R. Nandasiri and C. Delporte and K.V. Bernaerts and A. Shavandi},
doi = {10.1016/j.biteb.2022.100964},
issn = {2589-014X},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-02-00},
urldate = {2022-02-00},
journal = {Bioresour. Technol. Rep.},
volume = {17},
pages = {100964},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
keywords = {},
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2021
Gaël De Leener; Diana Over; Olivia Reinaud; Ivan Jabin
Turning on anion and betaine hosting by a small structural change of a biomimetic cavity: a case study Journal Article
In: Supramol. Chem., 2021, 33, 7, 370–379, (Published as part of the special issue: C David Gutsche: An Appreciation).
@article{DeLeener2021,
title = {Turning on anion and betaine hosting by a small structural change of a biomimetic cavity: a case study},
author = {Gaël De Leener and Diana Over and Olivia Reinaud and Ivan Jabin},
doi = {10.1080/10610278.2021.2011890},
issn = {1029-0478},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-07-03},
urldate = {2021-07-03},
journal = {Supramol. Chem.},
volume = {33},
number = {7},
pages = {370--379},
publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
note = {Published as part of the special issue: C David Gutsche: An Appreciation},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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2020
Margherita Bazzoni; Francesca Terenziani; Andrea Secchi; Gianpiero Cera; Ivan Jabin; Gaël De Leener; Michel Luhmer; Arturo Arduini
Tuning the Fluorescence Through Reorientation of the Axle in Calix[6]arene‐Based Pseudorotaxanes Journal Article
In: Chem. Eur. J., 2020, 26, 14, 3022–3025.
@article{Bazzoni2020,
title = {Tuning the Fluorescence Through Reorientation of the Axle in Calix[6]arene‐Based Pseudorotaxanes},
author = {Margherita Bazzoni and Francesca Terenziani and Andrea Secchi and Gianpiero Cera and Ivan Jabin and Gaël De Leener and Michel Luhmer and Arturo Arduini},
doi = {10.1002/chem.201905500},
issn = {1521-3765},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-03-09},
urldate = {2020-03-09},
journal = {Chem. Eur. J.},
volume = {26},
number = {14},
pages = {3022--3025},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {This work describes a calix[6]arene‐based wheel that binds, in non‐polar media, a stilbazolium salt to yield a mixture of pseudorotaxane orientational isomers. The isomer's abundance ratio evolves with time and can be reversibly tuned by adjusting the temperature. The spectroscopic properties, and notably the emission spectrum, of the bound guest depend on its orientation inside the non‐palindromic wheel, suggesting such a system as a switch with spectroscopic readout.},
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2017
Gaël De Leener; Diana Over; Coryse Smet; Damien Cornut; Ana Gabriela Porras-Gutierrez; Isidoro López; Bénédicte Douziech; Nicolas Le Poul; Filip Topić; Kari Rissanen; Yves Le Mest; Ivan Jabin; Olivia Reinaud
“Two-Story” Calix[6]arene-Based Zinc and Copper Complexes: Structure, Properties, and O2 Binding Journal Article
In: Inorg. Chem., 2017, 56, 18, 10971–10983.
@article{DeLeener2017,
title = {“Two-Story” Calix[6]arene-Based Zinc and Copper Complexes: Structure, Properties, and O_{2} Binding},
author = {Gaël De Leener and Diana Over and Coryse Smet and Damien Cornut and Ana Gabriela Porras-Gutierrez and Isidoro López and Bénédicte Douziech and Nicolas Le Poul and Filip Topić and Kari Rissanen and Yves Le Mest and Ivan Jabin and Olivia Reinaud},
doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01225},
issn = {1520-510X},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-18},
urldate = {2017-09-18},
journal = {Inorg. Chem.},
volume = {56},
number = {18},
pages = {10971--10983},
publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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2016
Gaël De Leener; Steven Moerkerke; Roy Lavendomme; Olivia Reinaud; Ivan Jabin Eds., Springer, 2016, pp 113-140.icon
Calix[6]azacryptand-based receptors Book Chapter
In: Neri, P.; Sessler, J. L.; Wang, M. -X. (Ed.): Calixarenes and Beyond, 113-140. Springer, Cham, 2016, , ISBN: 978-3-319-31867-7.
@inbook{nokey,
title = {Calix[6]azacryptand-based receptors},
author = {Gaël De Leener and Steven Moerkerke and Roy Lavendomme and Olivia Reinaud and Ivan Jabin Eds., Springer, 2016, pp 113-140.icon},
editor = {P. Neri and J. L. Sessler and M.-X. Wang},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-31867-7_6, Link},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-31867-7_6},
isbn = {978-3-319-31867-7},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-08-13},
urldate = {2016-08-13},
booktitle = {Calixarenes and Beyond},
pages = {113-140},
publisher = {. Springer, Cham},
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Gaël De Leener; Ferdinand Evoung-Evoung; Angélique Lascaux; Jeremy Mertens; Ana Gabriela Porras-Gutierrez; Nicolas Le Poul; Corinne Lagrost; Diana Over; Yann R. Leroux; François Reniers; Philippe Hapiot; Yves Le Mest; Ivan Jabin; Olivia Reinaud
Immobilization of Monolayers Incorporating Cu Funnel Complexes onto Gold Electrodes. Application to the Selective Electrochemical Recognition of Primary Alkylamines in Water Journal Article
In: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138, 39, 12841-12853.
@article{doi:10.1021/jacs.6b05317,
title = {Immobilization of Monolayers Incorporating Cu Funnel Complexes onto Gold Electrodes. Application to the Selective Electrochemical Recognition of Primary Alkylamines in Water},
author = {Gaël De Leener and Ferdinand Evoung-Evoung and Angélique Lascaux and Jeremy Mertens and Ana Gabriela Porras-Gutierrez and Nicolas Le Poul and Corinne Lagrost and Diana Over and Yann R. Leroux and François Reniers and Philippe Hapiot and Yves Le Mest and Ivan Jabin and Olivia Reinaud},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/237195, PDF download},
doi = {10.1021/jacs.6b05317},
issn = {0002-7863},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
urldate = {2016-01-01},
journal = {J. Am. Chem. Soc.},
volume = {138},
number = {39},
pages = {12841-12853},
abstract = {The immobilization of a copper calix[6]azacryptand funnel complex on gold-modified electrodes is reported. Two different methodologies are described. One is based on alkyne-terminated thiol self-assembled monolayers. The other relies on the electrografting of a calix[4]arene platform bearing diazonium functionalities at its large rim and carboxylic functions at its small rim, which is post-functionalized with alkyne moieties. In both cases, the CuAAC electroclick methodology proved to be the method of choice for grafting the calix[6]azacryptand onto the monolayers. The surface-immobilized complex was fully characterized by surface spectroscopies and electrochemistry in organic and aqueous solvents. The Cu complex displays a well-defined quasi-reversible system in cyclic voltammetry associated with the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox process. Remarkably, this redox process triggers a powerful selective detection of primary alkylamines in water at a micromolar level, based on a cavitary recognition process.},
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Angélique Lascaux; Gaël De Leener; Luca Fusaro; Filip Topić; Kari Rissanen; Michel Luhmer; Ivan Jabin
Selective recognition of neutral guests in an aqueous medium by a biomimetic calix[6]cryptamide receptor Journal Article
In: Org. Biomol. Chem., 2016, 14, 2, 738–746.
@article{Lascaux2016,
title = {Selective recognition of neutral guests in an aqueous medium by a biomimetic calix[6]cryptamide receptor},
author = {Angélique Lascaux and Gaël De Leener and Luca Fusaro and Filip Topić and Kari Rissanen and Michel Luhmer and Ivan Jabin},
doi = {10.1039/c5ob02067k},
issn = {1477-0539},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-00-00},
urldate = {2016-00-00},
journal = {Org. Biomol. Chem.},
volume = {14},
number = {2},
pages = {738--746},
publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
abstract = {A hydrophilic calix[6]cryptamide decorated with oligo(ethylene glycol) units was synthesized. This compound behaves as a biomimetic receptor for neutral guests in an aqueous medium.},
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2015
Roy Lavendomme; Sara Zahim; Gaël De Leener; Alex Inthasot; Alice Mattiuzzi; Michel Luhmer; Olivia Reinaud; Ivan Jabin
Rational Strategies for the Selective Functionalization of Calixarenes Journal Article
In: Asian J. Org. Chem., 2015, 4, 8, 710–722.
@article{Lavendomme2015,
title = {Rational Strategies for the Selective Functionalization of Calixarenes},
author = {Roy Lavendomme and Sara Zahim and Gaël De Leener and Alex Inthasot and Alice Mattiuzzi and Michel Luhmer and Olivia Reinaud and Ivan Jabin},
doi = {10.1002/ajoc.201500178},
issn = {2193-5815},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-08-00},
urldate = {2015-08-00},
journal = {Asian J. Org. Chem.},
volume = {4},
number = {8},
pages = {710--722},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Calixarenes are widely used as molecular platforms in supramolecular chemistry. Their efficient modification is key for appending functional moieties such as binding, sensing, chiral, or hydrophilic subunits. Due to the presence of multiple identical functional groups, selective functionalization of such macrocyclic compounds is highly challenging. Indeed, the control of the chemo‐, regio‐, stereo‐ as well as iteroselectivity is required. This review describes rational methods leading to a high degree of regio‐ and/or iteroselectivity and classifies them into specific strategies. Many of these strategies are conceptually very general and hopefully will be a source of inspiration for developing selective methods for other macrocyclic platforms.},
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Pierre-Edouard Danjou; Gaël De Leener; Damien Cornut; Steven Moerkerke; Samir Mameri; Angélique Lascaux; Johan Wouters; Andrea Brugnara; Benoit Colasson; Olivia Reinaud; Ivan Jabin
Supramolecular Assistance for the Selective Demethylation of Calixarene-Based Receptors Journal Article
In: J. Org. Chem., 2015, 80, 10, 5084–5091.
@article{Danjou2015,
title = {Supramolecular Assistance for the Selective Demethylation of Calixarene-Based Receptors},
author = {Pierre-Edouard Danjou and Gaël De Leener and Damien Cornut and Steven Moerkerke and Samir Mameri and Angélique Lascaux and Johan Wouters and Andrea Brugnara and Benoit Colasson and Olivia Reinaud and Ivan Jabin},
doi = {10.1021/acs.joc.5b00464},
issn = {1520-6904},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-05-15},
urldate = {2015-05-15},
journal = {J. Org. Chem.},
volume = {80},
number = {10},
pages = {5084--5091},
publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}











![Tuning the Fluorescence Through Reorientation of the Axle in Calix[6]arene‐Based Pseudorotaxanes](https://lco.ulb.be/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/TOC_chem_Eur_J-300x217.jpg)
![“Two-Story” Calix[6]arene-Based Zinc and Copper Complexes: Structure, Properties, and O2 Binding](https://lco.ulb.be/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/TOC_7_GDL-300x285.jpg)
![Calix[6]azacryptand-based receptors](https://lco.ulb.be/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/9783319318653.jpg)

![Selective recognition of neutral guests in an aqueous medium by a biomimetic calix[6]cryptamide receptor](https://lco.ulb.be/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/2015_OBC2_TOC-300x150.png)

